Yini Ukukhetha Ukuzalela?
Ukukhetha ukuzalela, okwaziwa nangokuthi artificial selection, yinqubo lapho abantu bekhetha ngamabomu ama-chinchilla athile ukuze azale ngokusekelwe ezimpawu ezithandwayo. Lo mkhuba ususetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka ezilwaneni ezahlukene ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpawu ezifana nombala woboya, ukuthungwa, usayizi, noma isimo sengqondo. Kubanikazi bama-chinchilla asekhaya, ukukhetha ukuzalela kungaba yindlela yokukhiqiza inzala enezimpawu ezikhethekile zobuciko noma izakhi zofuzo ezinempilo, kodwa kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela kanye nokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha. Ngokungafani na natural selection, lapho izimpawu zimilwa yizinto zemvelo, ukukhetha ukuzalela kuholelwa ukuthanda kwabantu, okuyikhuba elinamandlaākodwa eliza nezibopho.
Ama-chinchilla, adabuka emimileni yase-Andes Mountains, akhethwe ukuzalela kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulunyaka lama-20, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yoboya bawo. Namhlanje, abanikazi bempilo bengalwa phezulu emibala efana ne-sapphire, violet, noma ebony, noma bajonge ezimpawu ezifana nesimo sokuzola. Nokho, inhloso kufanele ijwayele ukubeka impilo nokuphila kahle kwezilwane phambili kunesimo sodwa.
Kungani Ukucabangela Ukukhetha Ukuzalela?
Njengomnikazi we-chinchilla, ungase ucabange ukukhetha ukuzalela ukuze ugcine noma uthuthukise izimpawu ezithile emfumeleni yakho. Ngokwesibonelo, uma unenye i-chinchilla enomgwadliso wombala ongavamile, njenge-white mosaic, ukuyizalela nenye i-chinchilla ehambisanayo kungasiza ukugcina leso simo esiyingqayizivele ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Kungenjalo, ungase ujonge ukuthuthukisa impilo iyonke ngokuhlanganisa ama-chinchilla anezinhlaka ezinamandla noma angenabo umlando wezinkinga zofuzo ezifana ne-malocclusion (inkinga yamazinyo evamile ema-chinchilla ethinta kufikela ku-30% yabantu uma ingaphathwa ngokucophelela).
Nokho, ukukhetha ukuzalela akusho nje ngobuciko noma impiloākusho futhi ngesimo sengqondo. Uma uqaphele ukuthi enye yama-chinchilla akho ihlonishwa futhi lula ukuyiphatha, ukuyizalela kungadlulisela lezo zimpawu, okwenza izilwane zasekhaya zizukulwaneni ezifanelele imindeni noma abanikazi bokuqala. Inhlelo eyinhloko ukuba nenjongo ecacile futhi uqonde izofuzo ezisekelwe ezimpawu ozilawisayo.
Amacebiso Okusebenza Okukhetha Ukuzalela
Uma ungumuntu omusha ekuzaleleni ama-chinchilla, qala ngokuncane futhi zifundise kahle. Nawa amacebo asebenzayo akuhola:
- Cwaninga Izofuzo Kuqala: Izofuzo zombala we-chinchilla zingaba zinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-ebony gene iyinhloko, kuyilapho i-violet iyancishiswayo, okusho ukuthi uzodinga izihlanganisi ezithile ukuze uzuze imibala ofuni. Sebenzisa izinsiza ze-inthanethi noma consulte nabazaleli abanolwazi ukuze uqonde amaphethini ezofuzo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezempilo: Ngaphambi kokuzalela, qinisekisa ukuthi womabini ama-chinchilla aphilile. Hlela ukuhlolwa kodokotela ukuze uhlole izinkinga ezivamile ezifana ne-heart murmurs noma izinkinga zamazinyo. Zalela kuphela ama-chinchilla angaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-8 futhi angaphansi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuze kuncishiswe ubungoziāabantwana besifazane, ikakhulukazi, akufanele bazalwe becile kakhulu ngoba kungaholela ezinkingeni.
- Gwenyela Ukuzalela Phakathi Kwemindeni Esondelene: Ukuzalela kaninginingi izalamane ezisodwa kungakhulisa ubungozi bezimpawu zofuzo. Junge ukuchithwa kwezofuzo okuhlukile ngokuhlanganisa ama-chinchilla angenabo ubudlelwano. Gcina amarekhodi anemininingwane yomndabu ukuze ulandele umndabu.
- Lawula Izibhangqwana: Ama-chinchilla angaba nezindawo zokuhlala. Veza abalingani abasebenzisekayo kancane kancane endaweni engathathi hlangothi, futhi ube nokhasi elihlukile lilungile uma bengahambisani. Ukuzalela akufanele kuphoqelelwe.
- Hlela Ama-Kits: Inzalabantwana ejwayelekile yi-1-3 kits, ezalwa ngemuva kwesikhathi se-gestation samashumi ayishumi nanye (111) amalanga. Lungiselela ukunakekelaizingane noma ukuthola amakhaya abanikazi. Ama-kits kufanele ahlale nonina okungenani amasonto ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokwean.
Ukucatshangelwa Kokuziphatha
Ukukhetha ukuzalela kuza nesibopho sokuziphatha. Gwenyela ukuzalela ngokweqile noma ukugxila kuphela enzuzweni, ngoba lokho kungaholela ezilwaneni ezingnakekelwa noma izinhlanga ezingenampilo. Beka phambili izinga lempilo yama-chinchillaāqinisekisa ukuthi anamakhasi akhulu (okungenani amafidi amitha e-3 ubude nobubanzi), ukudla okufanele, kanye nokugeza ngothuli njalo. Uma i-chinchilla ikhombisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka noma impilo embi, cabanga kabusha ngokuyizalela. Ukwedlulisela, qaphela udaba lokunyuka kwamanani ezilwane zasekhaya; zalela kuphela uma uqinisekile ukuthi ungabeka ama-kits emakhaya athandayo.
Imicabango Yokugcina
Ukukhetha ukuzalela kungaba umsebenzi omvuselela abanikazi bama-chinchilla, okuvumela ukubumba ikusasa lemfumelo yakho ngokuhlela. Nokho, akuyona imidlalo yokuzijabulisaākudinga isikhathi, ucwaningo, kanye nokuzinikezela okujulile kunakekelo lwezilwane. Ngokugxila empilweni, esimweni sengqondo, kanye nemikhuba yokuziphatha, ungalaba ngenhlanhla emphakathini we-chinchilla. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi uqala kuphi, xhumana nabazaleli basekhaya noma ama-chinchilla clubs ukuze uthole umeluleki. Ngokubekezelela kanye nokunakekela, ukukhetha ukuzalela kungaba indlela egcwalisa yokugubha ubuhle obuyingqayizivele kanye nobuntu balawa zilwane ezinhle.