Hordhac ku saabsan Noocyada Breed-ka Casriga ah ee Chinchillas
Chinchillas, kuwaas oo ah jiirarka qurux badan ee qoran ee u dhashay Buuraha Andes ee Koonfurta Ameerika, ayaa qabsaday quluubta milkiilayaasha xayawaanka guriga adduunka oo dhan. Inkasta oo chinchillas markii hore loo taran jiray dhogortooda horraantii qarnigii 20aad, taranka doorashada ayaa tan iyo markaas u xoogaysatay dabeecadda, caafimaadka, iyo isbeddellada midabka gaarka ah ee ganacsiga xayawaanka guriga. Maanta, noocyada breed-ka casriga ah—intooda badan loo yaqaan isbeddellada midabka ama noocyada—ayaa bixiya muuqaallo xiiso leh iyagoo ilaalinaya astaamaha aasaasiga ah ee nooca. Maqaalkani waxa uu baaraya taariikhda, taxonomy, iyo kala duwanaanshaha noocyada breed-ka casriga ah ee chinchilla, isagoo siinaya milkiilayaasha xayawaanka gudaha gudaha iyo talooyin wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan fahamka iyo daryeelka saaxiibadahan delightful.
Macnaha Taariikheed ee Taranka Chinchilla
Chinchillas waxaa markii ugu horreysay la gurmeeyay 1920-meeyadii markii macdan-yaqaan Maraykan ah M.F. Chapman uu keenay 11 chinchillas duurjoog ah California si uu u bilaabo warshad dhogorta. Waqtigaas, kaliya gray-ka caadiga ah (ama agouti) chinchilla ayaa ku jiray maxbuusnimada, oo ka duulaya kuwa duurjoogta ah. Tobannaan sano, taranayaashu waxay bilaabeen inay ogaadaan isbeddellada dabiici ah ee midabka dhogorta waxayna ka shaqeeyeen horumarinta astaamahan iyagoo adeegsanaya taranka doorashada. Bartamihii qarnigii 20aad, noocyo midab kala duwan ayaa soo baxay, taasoo calaamad u ah bilawga noocyada breed-ka casriga ah. Maanta, ururrada sida Empress Chinchilla Breeders Cooperative (ECBC) iyo Mutation Chinchilla Breeders Association (MCBA) ee Maraykanka ayaa dejiya heerarka noocyadan, iyagoo hubinaya dhaqamada taranka anshaxa leh iyo genetics caafimaad leh. Fahamka taariixdan waxay ka caawisaa milkiilayaasha xayawaanka inay qadariyaan kala duwanaanshaha chinchillas iyo muhiimadda taranka mas'uulka ah si looga fogaado dhibaatooyinka caafimaadka ee ku xiran taranka xad-dhaafka ah ee isbeddellada qaarkood.
Noocyada Casriga ah ee Breed-ka ee Caadiga ah
Noocyada breed-ka casriga ah ee chinchilla waxaa ugu horreyn lagu qeexaa midabkooda dhogorta iyo qaabka, oo ka yimaada isbeddellada hidde-sidaha. Halkan waxaa jira qaar ka mid ah noocyada ugu caansan ee maanta la aqoonsan yahay:
- Standard Gray (Agouti): Chinchilla-kii asalka ahaa ee duurjoogta ah, oo leh dhogor madow oo cirro leh iyo calool cad. Noocani waa adkeysi leh waxaana inta badan lagu talinayaa milkiilayaasha ugu horreeya sababtoo ah genetics-kiisa xooggan.
- Beige: Midab kuleyl ah, creamy-brown, oo markii ugu horreysay la diiwaan geliyay 1950-meeyadii. Chinchillas beige waxay noqon karaan homozygous (iftiin) ama heterozygous (madow), waxayna inta badan leeyihiin dabeecad saaxiibtinimo leh.
- Black Velvet (Touch of Velvet): Waxaa loo yaqaan dhogortooda madow ee cajiibka ah oo leh dhalaal velvety iyo calool cad, isbeddelkani wuxuu soo muuqday 1960-meeyadii. Waxay u baahan yihiin taran taxaddar leh si looga fogaado factor-ka dilalka—dhibaato hidde-side oo laba hidde-sidaha velvet ay keenaan farac aan noolaan karin.
- White (Wilson White, Mosaic, Silver): Nooc cajiib ah oo leh dhogor cad, inta badan lagu qasi karo calaamado gray ee mosaics. Markii ugu horreysatay la taray 1950-meeyadii, whites waxay u baahan yihiin feejignaan dheeraad ah nadiifinta dhogorta sababtoo ah dhogortooda iftiinka ah.
- Sapphire: Isbeddel dhif ah oo leh tint bluish-gray, oo la sameeyay 1960-meeyadii. Sapphires waxay u nugul yihiin welwelka caafimaadka gaarka ah sida tirada faracyada yar, markaa milkiilayaashu waa inay ka soo iibsadaan taranayaal sumcad leh.
- Violet: Oo leh midab jilicsan, purplish-gray, noocani wuxuu soo baxay 1970-meeyadii. Violets waa muuqaal ahaan cajiib ah laakiin waxay noqon karaan kuwo aad ugu nugul isbeddelada heerkulka.
Talooyin Wax-ku-ool ah oo Milkiilayaasha Xayawaanka
Fahamka nooca breed-ka chinchilla-gaaga waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad habeysato daryeelkooda. Halkan waxaa jira talooyin wax-ku-ool ah oo milkiilayaasha ah:
- Baarho Genetics-ka Chinchilla-gaaga: Ogaashada haddii xayawaankaaga uu yahay gray caadi ah ama isbeddel dhif ah sida sapphire waxay kaa hagari doontaa inaad odoroso baahiyaha caafimaadka. Tusaale ahaan, velvets iyo sapphires waxay u baahan karaan la socod dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhibaatooyinka hidde-sidaha. Waydii tarankaaga pedigree haddii ay suurtogal tahay.
- Grooming by Color: Chinchillas midab fudud sida whites waxay u baahan yihiin qubaysato boodh ah oo badan (2-3 jeer todbaako) oo leh boodh chinchilla tayo sare leh si looga hortago wasakhaynta dhogorta. Noocyada madow sida black velvets waxay muujin karaan hadhaaga boodh si muuqata, markaa nadiifiye aagga qubayska.
- Xasaasnimada Heerkulka: Isbeddellada sida violets waxay noqon karaan kuwo aad ugu nugul kuleylka. Hayso jawi qabow (60-70°F ama 15-21°C) oo ka fogaada in la dhigo qafisyada daaqadaha ama kuleyliyeyaasha, iyadoon loo eegin nooca breed-ka.
- Ka Ilaali Taranka Haddii Aadan Leh Khibrad: Sababtoo ah factor-yada dilalka (tusaale, velvets iyo whites), taranka caadiga ah wuxuu dhaawici karaa chinchillas. Haddii aad xiisaynayso taranka, la tasho dhakhtarka xayawaanka ama ku biir urur taranayaal si aad u hesho hagitaan.
- Qabo Mas'uulnimo Leh: Iyadoo in ka badan 100,000 chinchillas sanad walba lagu jiro ganacsiga xayawaanka guriga, dooro qaadashada xeryaha samatabbixinta ama taranayaal sumcad leh si aad hubiso inaadan taageerayn dhaqamo anshax xumo ah oo taran xad-dhaaf ah ee isbeddellada dhifka ah.
Gabagabo
Noocyada breed-ka casriga ah ee chinchillas waxay muujinayaan kala duwanaanshaha cajiibka ah ee noocan yar, laga bilaabo gray-ka caadiga ah ee caadiga ah ilaa isbeddellada sapphire iyo violet ee la yaabka leh. Nooc kasta wuxuu wareejinayaa qayb taariikhi ah iyo dadaallada taranka doorashada ee qaabeeyay chinchillas-yada aan maanta u naqaanno xayawaan guriga. Iyadoo la fahamayo asalka iyo astaamaha noocyadan, milkiilayaasha xayawaanka waxay si fiican u daryeeli karaan saaxiibadooda dhogorta leh, iyagoo hubinaya inay ku koraan guri jacayl leh. Haddii aad xiiseeyso quruxda black velvet ama fududnimada gray caadi ah, chinchilla kasta wuxuu u qalmayaa daryeel ogaansan, feejigan oo ku habboon baahiyadooda gaarka ah.