Ukwazisa Ukotshwa KweChinchilla
Chinchilla, lezo zizilwane ezithandekayo, ezinezoboya obuthambile futhi ezinamehlo amakhulu, anesaziso, zinomlando othakazelisayo wokotshwa okusungula emuva ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka. Zivela eNtweni ye-Andes yaseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana ne-Chile, Bolivia, Peru, kanye ne-Argentina, chinchilla zaqala ukuhlangana nabantu baseYurophu ngekhulu le-16. Igama lazo livela kubantu base-Chincha, iqembu lomdabu laleso sifunda elalithanda kakhulu chinchilla ngenxa yoboya bazo obuthambile kakhulu. Kubanikazi bezilwane zasekhaya, ukuzwa ngalesi sikhathi kusinzisa ukuthanda kulezi zizilwane ezihlukile futhi kusiza ekunikezeleni ukunakekela okuhlonipha izimo zazo zemvelo kanye nezidingo.
Umlando Wokuqala: I-Chinchilla Zasendle kanye Norhwebo Lwoboya (Ikhulu le-16-19)
Chinchilla, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo Chinchilla lanigera (inomisila omude) kanye ne-Chinchilla chinchilla (inomisila omfushane), zazichuma endle emasikweni amaningi ngaphambi kokuxhumana kwabantu. Ngama-1500s, abahloli baseSpain baqaphela abantu base-Chincha besebenzisa izikhumba ze-chinchilla ezingutshwayi ngenxa yoboya bazo obuphinkephin keystrokes—i-follicle ngayinye yezinwele ingabamba izinwele ezifika ku-60, okuyenza kube ngenye yoboya obuthambile kakhulu emhlabeni. Le nto yokutholakala yavusa uhwebo lwoboya olwacishe lwasusa chinchilla ekuphileni ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Izikhumba ezizigidi zathunyelwa ngaphandle, futhi ngasekuqaleni kwama-1900s, imiphakathi yasendle yayisengozini enkulu yokushona. Lokhu kuxhaphazi okudabukisayo kuyisikhumbuzo sabanikazi banamuhla ukuba babeke phambili ukutholwa okufanele lapho bezamukela chinchilla—hlala khetha abafuyi abadumile noma izindawo zokuhlenga kunokuba izilwane ezibanjwe endle.
Ukuqala Kokotshwa (Ama-1920s)
Ukuzalwa ngokusemthethweni kwe-chinchilla kwaqala ngawo-1920s, kukhuniwe yimboni yoboya kunokuba ubunikazi bezilwane zasekhaya. Ngo-1923, unjiniyeli wezimayini waseMelika ogama lingu-Mathias F. Chapman wathola imvume kahulumeni waseChile ukuletha chinchilla zasendle ezingu-11 e-United States. Lezi chinchilla, ikakhulukazi Chinchilla lanigera, zaba isisekelo sazo zonke chinchilla ezifuyiwe namuhla. Inhloso ka-Chapman kwakuwukuzalanisa ukuze kutholakale uboya, futhi emashumini ambalwa eminyakanya alandelayo, amapulazi e-chinchilla avela kulo lonke iNyakatho Melika neYurophu. Kubanikazi bezilwane zasekhaya, lo mbhalo uchaza kungani chinchilla ezifuyiwe zifana kakhulu ngofuzo—ukwazi lokhu kungasiza lapho kucatshangelwa izinkinga zempilo, njengoba ukuzalana ngosodwa kungaholela ezimweni ezithile zofuzo njenge-malocclusion (amazinyo angalingani).
Ukushintshwa Kubezilkonyana (Ama-1950s-1980s)
Esimeni somnotho wekhulu lama-20, njengoba imboni yoboya ibhekana nokuhlolwa kokufanele, chinchilla zaqala ukushintshwa zisuka ezilwaneni zepulazi ziye ezilwaneni zasekhaya. Ngawo-1950s nawo-1960s, abafuyi baqala ukugxila emizwini, bekhetha chinchilla ezimile futhi ezithanda ukuzwana ezifanele ukuba ziphatshanane. Lo shintsho bebengesilokhu kwesikhashana—chinchilla zigcina izimo eziningi zasendle, njengobunono bazo kanye nesidingo sokugeza otshani ukuze zilingise ukugoqa otsheni lwendlu yesizwe njengoba zazenzile e-Andes. Kubanikazi, lokhu kusho ukudala indawo ehlonipha lezi zimo: hlinzeka ikheji elikhulu (ubude obungaphezu kwezinyayo ezintathu ukuze zixhabule), izindawo ezifihlekile eziphephile, kanye nokugeza otshani njalo (imizuzu engu-10-15, kabili kuba kathathu ngesonto) ukuze kugcinwe uboya bazo buphilile.
Inkathi Yanamuhla: I-Chinchilla Njengabalingani Abathandwayo (Ama-1990s-Lamanje)
Kusukela ngawo-1990s, chinchilla ziqinise isimo sazo njengezilwane zasekhaya ezingavamile, zinemicimbi yokuzinikelela yabanikazi nabafuyi emhlabeni wonke. Namuhla, kunezingu-zeqile ezahlukene zombala eziqashelwa, kusukela empunga ojwayelekile kuya oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-sapphire, ngenxa yokuzalanisa okukhethiweyo. Ubomi bazo esitsheni—iminyaka engu-10 kuya ku-20—benzela ukuba kube ukuzinikelela isikhathi eside, zivame ukuphila kunezinye izilwane ezincane njengama-hamster. Abanikazi bezilwane zasekhaya banamuhla bayazuza ngolwazi lwemashumi eminyaka; ngokwesibonelo, manje siyazi ukuthi chinchilla zidinga ukudla okuphezulu kwi-fiber (njenge-timothy hay) futhi okuphansi kushukela ukuvimbela izinkinga zokugaya. Icebiso elisebenzayo ukubheka isisindo sazo—chinchilla ezikhulile kufanele zibe nesisindo phakathi kwe-400-600 grams—futhi xhumane nodokotela wezilwane uma zehla noma zikhula kakhulu, njengoba lokhu kungabonisa izinkinga zempilo.
Izinto Okufanele Uzazi Njengomnikazi We-Chinchilla
Ukuzwa ngesikhathi sokotshwa kusiza abanikazi ukuthi banikeze izidingo ezihlukile ze-chinchilla ezimiliselwe emlandweni. Nayi amacebiso ambalwa asebenzayo:
- Hlonipha Imvelaphi Yazo Yasendle: Chinchilla ziwumoya ngokwemvelo futhi zineqiniso. Gcina ikheji yazo endaweni ethule, engaphezulu kwezohwebo futhi zinxulumane nazo ngezikhathi zazo ezisebenzayo (kusihlwa kuya ebusuku).
- Ukuqaphela Impilo: Ngenxa yokuzalana ngosodwa ekuqaleni, izinkinga zamazinyo kanye nenhliziyo zingase zenzeke. Hlela ukuhlolwa kodokotela wezilwane minyaka yonke nonjiniyeli wezilwane ezingavamile.
- Ubunikazi Obufanele: Sekela imizamo yokulondoloza ngokwamukela ezindlini zokuhlenga noma abafuyi abaq philile, uqinisekise ukuthi awunikiqi isiteleka semiphakathi yasendle.