Selective Breeding

Kodi Ndiye Chani Kusankha Kwa Makhalidwe Osankhidwa?

Kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa, komanso kudzudzula kotchedwa artificial selection, ndi njira yomwe anthu mwa dala amasankha chinchillas zenizo kuti zisapezeke kutengera makhalidwe abwino. Mchitidwewu wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mzaka zambiri pa nyama zosiyanasiyana kuti zithandizire makhalidwe ngati mtundu wa ubweya, kachikidwe, kukula, kapena khalidwe. Kwa eni nyama za chinchilla, kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa kungakhale njira yopangira zibadwa zomwe zili ndi makhalidwe okongola kapena genetics yabwino kwambiri, koma zimafunika kukonza mosamala ndi kuganizira mwamakhalidwe. Mosiyana ndi kusankha kwachilengedwe, komwe makhalidwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa amatsogoleredwa ndi zokonda za munthu, ndikupangitsa kukhala chida champhamvu—koma chomwe chimabwera ndi maudindo.

Chinchillas, zoyambira ku mapiri a Andes, zakhala zikusankhidwa mwachitsanzo kuyambira koyambirira kwa lezera la 20, makamaka chifukwa cha ubweya wawo. Lero, eni nyama angayang'ane kwambiri pa mitundu ngati sapphire, violet, kapena ebony, kapena kuyesera kuti apeze makhalidwe ngati khalidwe lamtendere. Komatu, cholinga chiyenera kukhala choyamba pa thanzi ndi ubwino wa nyama kuposa kungoyang'ana pa maonekedwe okha.

Chifukwa Chiyani Tiyang'anire Kusankha Kwa Makhalidwe Osankhidwa?

Monga mwini chinchilla, mutha kuganizira kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa kuti musunge kapena muthandizire makhalidwe achitundu cha gulu lanu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi chinchilla yomwe ili ndi mtundu wachilendo wosandulika, monga white mosaic, kusankha ndi chinchilla ina yoyendera bwino kungathandize kusunga maonekedwe apaderawo m'mibadwo yam'tsogolo. Kapenanso, mutha kuyesera kubwerezanso thanzi lonse potumikira chinchillas zomwe zili ndi immune systems zamphamvu kapena zopanda mbiri ya mavuto a genetics ngati malocclusion (vuto lodziwika bwino la mano mu chinchillas lomwe limakhudza mpaka 30% ya anthu ngati silisamalidwa mosamala).

Komatu, kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa sikungakhale za maonekedwe kapena thanzi—ndizokhudzanso khalidwe. Ngati mwazindikira kuti chinchilla yanu imodzi ili yachifundo kwambiri ndi yosavuta kusamalidwa, kusankha kwawo kungapititsire makhalidwe amenewo, kupangitsa ziweto zam'tsogolo kukhala zoyenereratu kwa mabanja kapena eni oyamba. Chinsinsi ndi kukhala ndi cholinga chomveka bwino ndi kumvetsetsa genetics kumbuyo kwa makhalidwe omwe mukuzilimbikira.

Upangiri Wothandzilla Pakusankha Kwa Makhalidwe Osankhidwa

Ngati ndi watsopano pakusankha chinchillas, yambani pang'onopang'ono ndipo dzidzitukula bwino. Apa pali upangiri wothandzilla womwe ungutsogolereni:

• Fufuzani Genetics Kaye: Genetics ya mitundu ya chinchilla imatha kukhala yovuta. Mwachitsanzo, gene ya ebony ndi yamphamvu, pamwe violet ndi yochepa, kutanthauza kuti mudzafunika kuphatikiza mosamala kuti mupeze mitundu yomwe mukufuna. Gwiritsani ntchito zothandizila pa intaneti kapena kufunsa akuluakulu okhaona kuti mudziwe momwe zimadutsa.
• Yesezani Thanzi: Musanachite kusankha, onetsetsani kuti chinchillas zonse zili zothanzi. Konzani ma checkups a vet kuti muyese vuto lodziwika ngati heart murmurs kapena mavuto a mano. Sankhani chinchillas zomwe zili ndi miyezi 8 kapena kupitirira apo ndipo zosakwana zaka 4 kuti muchepetse zoopsa—zaikazi makamaka siziyenera kusankhidwa tchekedwe chifukwa zimatha kubweretsa mavuto.
• Pepani Inbreeding: Kusankha mobisitiratu abale apabanja kungakulitse chiopsezo cha kupunduka kwa genetics. Yang'anani kuti mukhale ndi gene pool yosiyanasiyana potumikira chinchillas zosayandikana. Chenjezani mbiri yowona bwino kuti muwone mzera wawo.
• Yang'anani Pairings: Chinchillas zimatha kukhala za gawo. Yambitsani mabwenzi owirikiza pang'onopang'ono m'malo osalowerera, ndipo muwerengetse ndi msanga wina wapadera ngati sizikuyendera. Kusankha sikuyenera kukakamizidwa.
• Konzeni Kits: Litter yodziwika bwino ndi 1-3 kits, kubadwa atatha masiku 111 a gestation. Khalani okonzeka kusamalira ana kapena kupeza nyumba zoyenereratu. Kits ziyenera kukhalira ndi amayi awo kwa milingo 8 isanachotse msusu.

Ziganiziridwe za Makhalidwe

Kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa kumabwera ndi udindo wa moral. Pepani kusankha kwambiri kapena kungoyang'ana pa phindu, chifukwa zimatha kubweretsa nyama zosamalidwa kapena mizere yosathanzi. Yang'anani kwambiri ubwino wa moyo wa chinchillas—onetsetsani kuti ali ndi msanga wawide (osachepera mamita 3 m'litali ndi m'lifupi), chakudya choyenera, ndi dust baths nthawi zonse. Ngati chinchilla ikuwonetsa zizindikiro za kupsinjika kapena thanzi loipa, ganizirani kubwezeranso kusankha kwawo. Kuphatikiza apo, khalani osamala za vuto la kuchuluka kwa ziweto; sankhani kokha ngati muli chitsimikizo kuti mutha kuyika kits m'nyumba zachikondi.

Malingaliro Omaliza

Kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa kungakhale ntchito yosangalatsa kwa eni chinchilla, kukupatsani mwayi wopangira tsogolo la gulu lanu mwa dala. Komatu, sihobby yosavuta—imafunika nthawi, kufufuza, ndi kudzipereka kwambiri pa ubwino wa nyama. Potivutika pa thanzi, khalidwe, ndi mchitidwe wamakhalidwe, mutha kutheka bwino ku gulu la chinchilla. Ngati simudziwa komwe kuyamba, lumikizani ndi akuluakulu akusankha mdera lanu kapena makalabu a chinchilla kuti muwonetsetse. Ndi chindiamu ndi chisamaliro, kusankha kwa makhalidwe osankhidwa kungakhale njira yosangalatsa yotaniroza kukongola kopadera ndi umunthu wa ziweto zabwinozi.